Sample Sidebar Module

This is a sample module published to the sidebar_top position, using the -sidebar module class suffix. There is also a sidebar_bottom position below the menu.

Sample Sidebar Module

This is a sample module published to the sidebar_bottom position, using the -sidebar module class suffix. There is also a sidebar_top position below the search.

Epidemics

The effects of epidemics on Sierra Leone’s human and economic resources is unparalleled by any other form of disasters from natural hazards. The Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) which broke out in Sierra Leone in 2014 is the most overwhelming disaster the country has faced in its post-conflict era. More than 14,000 Sierra Leoneans were infected, of whom nearly 4,000 died.

The unprecedented emergence of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Sierra Leone placed enormous strains on national systems and on the resources and capacities of the government to cope with the public health crisis.

Frequency
Very Rarely

Magnitude
Moderate

Duration
Short

Areal Extent
Sparsely

Spatial Predictability
Likely

Speed of Onset
Very Slow

Importance
Important

Spatial Dispersion
Moderately



































The rapid spread of EVD, from isolated outbreaks in Kailahun and Kenema, to all thirteen districts of the country demanded the introductory of extraordinary measures to contain the epidemic, including the declaration of a State of Emergency and special security powers to quarantine affected areas, place restrictions on internal movement, close markets and schools and reduce public gatherings[1].

Between 1980 and 2010 epidemics were the deadliest hazards in Sierra Leone. During those 30 years, epidemics were responsible of 83% of the total number of death due to disaster.  From 1980 to 2010, epidemics killed 1,103 people and affected 13,447 (5% of people affected by disaster)[2]. Malaria, cholera and typhoid are the most regular and important killer diseases in the country, which is plagued with inadequate access to sanitation and clean water, ineffective waste management and pollution control mechanism, and inadequate household hygiene.

Urban areas, where the majority of the population lives without access to pipe borne water, are the most vulnerable communities. Lassa fever, a viral haemorrhagic fever with symptoms similar to those of Ebola Virus Disease, is endemic in much of West Africa, including Sierra Leone and her most immediate neighbours. The disease which usually sparks a seasonal outbreak from December to March remains a major public health threat in Sierra Leone. Three people died of Lassa fever in Kenema during the second week of February 2017, with concerns of continued increase in the number of positive cases of Lassa fever[3].

National Profile

Parameters

Scale

1

2

3

4

5

Frequency

Very Rarely

Rarely

Sometimes

Often

Frequently

Magnitude

Trivial

Small

Moderate

Large

Very Large

Duration

Very Short

Short

Average

Long

Very Long

Areal Extent

Limited

Very Sparsely

Sparsely

Densely

Widespread

Spatial Predictability

Highly Predictable

Predictable

Likely

Randomly

Very Randomly

Speed of onset

Very Slow

Slow

Moderate

Fast

Very Fast

Importance

Not Important

Somewhat Important

Moderately

Important

Very Important

Spatial Dispersion

Very Concentrated

Concentrated Moderately

Moderately

Diffused

Widely Diffused

District Profile

Area/District

Frequency Scale

Magnitude Scale

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

5

Western Area

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bo

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bonthe

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Moyamba

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pujehun

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bombali

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Port Loko

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tonkolili

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kambia

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Koinadugu

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kenema

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kono

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kailahun

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


[1] Government of Sierra Leone. (2014).The Economic and Social Impact of Ebola Virus Disease in Sierra Leone. October

[2] Tarawalli, P. (2012). Diagnostics Analysis of Climate Change and Disaster Management in Relation to the PRSP III in Sierra Leone. Freetown: UNDP - SL.

[3] Sierra Leone News: Health Alert – Lasa fever in Kenema.. 3 deaths (http://awoko.org/2017/02/27/sierra-leone-news-health-alert-lassa-fever-in-kenema-3-deaths/, accessed, 3 October 2017) The rapid spread of EVD, from isolated outbreaks in Kailahun and Kenema, to all thirteen districts of the country demanded the introductory of extraordinary measures to contain the epidemic, including the declaration of a State of Emergency and special security powers to quarantine affected areas, place restrictions on internal movement, close markets and schools and reduce public gatherings .
Between 1980 and 2010 epidemics were the deadliest hazards in Sierra Leone. During those 30 years, epidemics were responsible of 83% of the total number of death due to disaster.  From 1980 to 2010, epidemics killed 1,103 people and affected 13,447 (5% of people affected by disaster) . Malaria, cholera and typhoid are the most regular and important killer diseases in the country, which is plagued with inadequate access to sanitation and clean water, ineffective waste management and pollution control mechanism, and inadequate household hygiene.

Urban areas, where the majority of the population lives without access to pipe borne water, are the most vulnerable communities. Lassa fever, a viral haemorrhagic fever with symptoms similar to those of Ebola Virus Disease, is endemic in much of West Africa, including Sierra Leone and her most immediate neighbours. The disease which usually sparks a seasonal outbreak from December to March remains a major public health threat in Sierra Leone. Three people died of Lassa fever in Kenema during the second week of February 2017, with concerns of continued increase in the number of positive cases of Lassa fever .